Windows 8.1 received more positive reception than Windows 8, with critics praising the expanded functionality available to apps in comparison to Windows 8, its OneDrive integration, its user interface tweaks, and the addition of expanded tutorials for operating the Windows 8 interface. Windows 8.1 also added support for then emerging technologies like high-resolution displays, 3D printing, Wi-Fi Direct, and Miracast streaming, as well as the ReFS file system. Enhancements include an improved Start screen, additional snap views, additional bundled apps, tighter OneDrive (formerly SkyDrive) integration, Internet Explorer 11 (IE11), a Bing-powered unified search system, restoration of a visible Start button on the taskbar, and the ability to restore the previous behavior of opening the user's desktop on login instead of the Start screen. Windows 8.1 aimed to address complaints of Windows 8 users and reviewers on launch. ![]() A server version, Windows Server 2012 R2, was released on October 18, 2013. ![]() Windows 8.1 was made available for download via MSDN and Technet and available as a free upgrade for retail copies of Windows 8 and Windows RT users via the Windows Store. ![]() It was released to manufacturing on August 27, 2013, and broadly released for retail sale on October 17, 2013, about a year after the retail release of its predecessor, and succeeded by Windows 10 on July 29, 2015. Windows 8.1 is a release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft.
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![]() ![]() Light cavalry warfare- lancers, and especially the way of the mounted archer- is the military specialty of the Khuzaits. Eventually, these nomadic tribes became settled in the towns and villages they had taken. This Khanate moved into, and conquered, the poorly defended eastern lands of the Empire. Khuzait peoples were once nomadic tribes who roamed the east borders of the Calradic Empire, until threats from further to the east forced them to band together as a Khanate under Urkhun the Khuzait. The Khuzait Khanate is a kingdom in Mount&Blade II: Bannerlord ruled by Monchug Khan, and occupies the eastern grasslands and steppes outside of the continent of Calradia. Karakhuzaits Location Khuzait Khanate in teal ![]() Although the scientific basis for these relationships is not firmly established, they can be used with confidence as long as the limitations with such an approach are recognized. This means that the relationships between design inputs (e.g., loads, materials, layer configurations and environment) and pavement failure were determined using experience, experimentation or a combination of both. Many pavement structural design procedures use an empirical approach. However, some government agencies and many private owners do not have specified standard pavement structural designs. For instance, a local residential street subject to only a few heavy loads per week (i.e., school bus, garbage truck) does not warrant the expense and time of a mechanistic-empirical design approach. Often the required level of design does not warrant the use of advanced equations or models. Often assumptions and design procedures are based on extremely local conditions, which may not be transferable. When using a design catalog, it is important to be aware of the author’s assumptions and design procedure. ![]() The pavement designs within these catalogs can be based on a number of different design methods ranging from mechanistic-empirical to historical experience. State and local agencies often include them in their design manuals. Typically, design catalogs contain a listing of common loading, environmental and service regimes and the corresponding recommended pavement structures. The simplest approach to HMA pavement structural design involves selecting a predetermined design from a catalog. ![]() The principal methods of structural design in use today are (from simplest to most complex) design catalogs, empirical and mechanistic-empirical. Calculations are chiefly concerned with traffic loading stresses other environmentally related stresses (such as temperature) are accounted for in mix design asphalt binder selection. Structural design is mainly concerned with determining appropriate layer thickness and composition. Structural design for rehabilitation is covered in Maintenance & Rehabilitation. This section is focused on the structural design of new pavement. ![]() This includes the surface course as well as any underlying base or subbase layers. The goal of structural design is to determine the number, material composition and thickness of the different layers within a pavement structure required to accommodate a given loading regime. ![]() R&A processed the intelligence received from SI. SI officers were responsible for recruiting foreign agents, while X-2 was counterespionage, tasked with combating enemy spies overseas. Although there were several branches and departments, the main groups were “Intelligence Services” and “Strategic Services Operations.” The former was composed of Secret Intelligence (SI), X-2, and Research Analysis (R &A). Over the course of the war it grew both in size and professionalism. Courtesy of the National Archives, Identifier 6851006. William Joseph ('Wild Bill') Donovan, Head of the OSS. Whether this was a result of personal connections, the broad usefulness of legal training, or a natural gift for intrigue and deviousness among lawyers is perhaps unknowable and beyond the scope of this article.) The same was true of many wartime recruits of the British intelligence services as well. (The OSS would be heavily populated by lawyers during its existence. By 1941, Donovan, a graduate of Columbia Law School, had a highly successful career predating the first war as a lawyer in private practice in government service. Donovan was a highly decorated hero of the First World War and was awarded the Medal of Honor, among several other orders and medals. He chose General William “Wild Bill” Donovan to be the leader of the Office of the Coordinator of Information (COI) established on July 11, 1941. It was not ideal.īy the start of World War II, President Roosevelt realized the need for some sort of coordination for the gathering of intelligence. This was the arrangement with which the United States muddled through the First World War. In addition, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), founded in 1909, became involved in counterespionage. In fact, these departments were often in fierce competition with each other. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the United States had a handful of departments within the Navy, the Army, and the State Department that gathered intelligence but there was no coordination among these departments. Unfortunately, many of these spies were brave amateurs who were caught. George Washington understood the need for intelligence and had spy networks. Photo courtesy of the National Archives, Identifier 540066.Īmerica employed spies dating back to the American War of Independence. Area T, Harrington Airdrome, England, circa 1944. Top image: Jedburghs in front of B-24 just before night takeoff. Situations that you may want to remove Navicat Premium 12.0.11 When there is a need to uninstall Navicat Premium 12.0.11 on your Mac computer, do you think it is just a piece of cake or a difficult task for you? Different people may give different answer to this question, but it is a fact that some problems always exist and trouble you to remove this app under the OS X. ![]() ![]() How can Uninstall Navicat Premium 12.0.11 Totally from Your Mac However, previewing them in the program is no possible, and neither is batch processing. You can add as many Facebook clips as you want, with the mention that their source and short description are displayed as well. You just need to find the URL for the video you want to grab, then paste it at the click of the mouse. In fact, while interacting with the app, you will not go farther than its main window, where all the controls are bundled for ease of navigation. Can download Facebook videosįirst of all, you need to know that the program’s main purpose is to download clips shared on Facebook, all in a simplistic user interface that makes navigation easy as pie. That is precisely the idea based on which an application such as Free Facebook Video Download was created. ![]() That is why many users opt to store all their findings on their own computer so that they can easily access said content any time later on. ![]() ![]() Facebook is a great source of entertainment, but it may be difficult to unlock its potential in an intelligible manner. ![]() There are quick and easy steps to download Insta reels and videos.You can download videos from 1000+ online video platforms.The desktop application supports batch downloading.Here is the list of popular Instagram Reel Video Downloading Apps:īest Instagram Video Download App for Android & PC: Top Picks Name Read more… Best Instagram Reel Downloading Apps We do not encourage or condone copyright infringement and recommend you only download videos that are in the public domain or owned by you, or if you have permission from the hosting site or copyright holder. The list contains open-source (free) and commercial (paid) software.ĭisclaimer: When downloading videos, check the hosting site’s terms of use. This article has a handpicked list of Top Instagram downloader tools with popular features, pros, cons, key specs and website links. Don’t worry you won’t have to scratch your head trying to find software to download videos from Instagram anymore. However, many Instagram downloader tools help you download Instagram videos, reels, stories, highlights, and photos. So, it’s a real shame that you can’t download the images and videos you see on there. Instagram is definitely one of the most engaging and exciting online platforms. ![]()
![]() Scan to PDF (Single and Multipage), Optical Character Recognition (OCR). ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() Fortunately for us, developers at Microsoft have incorporated a troubleshooting system into Windows 10 that can, with the click of a mouse or the tap of a finger, find a problem and then correct it with little to no input from the user. In fact, some people would argue that a Windows device is more prone to configuration errors than most other operating systems. Microsoft Windows 10 is no exception to this common problem. Must-read Windows coverageĭefend your network with Microsoft outside-in security services This is just the nature of our modern computer-driven world–sometimes computing devices don’t work and need to be troubleshooted. Coordinating the dozens of hardware components and peripherals so that everything works the way it is supposed to and when it is supposed to, often fails for inexplicable reasons just when we need it most. ![]() The operating system software required to run any of our computing devices is complicated and prone to configuration errors. Microsoft Windows 10 is a complicated operating system, but users can often fix basic configuration issues with the Troubleshooter. How to use the Windows 10 troubleshooter to fix just about anything on your computer |
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